All collaborators on federal awards must be registered in SAM.gov. SAM.gov registration requires an active Duns & Bradstreet number (DUNS); apply early as this takes time. The DUNS number will be replaced, however, by a new General Services Administration (GSA) Unique Entity Identifier (UEI) in December 2020. See recent GSA responses to published questions at https://www.gsa.gov/about-us/organization/federal-acquisition-service/office-of-systems-management/integrated-award-environment-iae/iae-information-kit/unique-entity-identifier-update